Penn Tactical Solutions

Field Notes

Operational insights, clinical updates, and field perspectives from active practitioners in emergency medicine, law enforcement, fire, and tactical medicine.
Written by people who work the field. Updated as protocols evolve.
Active Field Practitioners
Operationally Verified
Based on Experience

From the Field. For the Field.

Field Notes is where Penn Tactical Solutions publishes operational insights, clinical updates, and perspective pieces from active practitioners across emergency medicine, law enforcement, fire, and tactical medicine.

This is not a marketing blog. Every piece published here is written by someone who has worked the scenario, managed the call, or trained for the situation. We publish what we learn so others can be better prepared.

Have something worth sharing? We accept contributor submissions from qualified practitioners. Selected contributors receive a $25 gift card or a Penn Tactical t-shirt of their choice.

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Latest Guides
Twenty Tips for Being a Bad Instructor
Training and EducationPTS StaffWritten by a Penn Tactical Solutions instructor with active field experience.
Twenty Tips for Being a Bad Instructor

A satirical field guide to the twenty most common ways instructors fail their students, drawn from real cla...

What to Expect at a Stop the Bleed Class
Community PreparednessPTS StaffWritten by a Penn Tactical Solutions instructor with active field experience.
What to Expect at a Stop the Bleed Class

Here's the full piece, ready to copy and paste: A walkthrough of what happens in a typical 90-minute class...

The Origins of Stop the Bleed: From Sandy Hook to a National Movement
Community PreparednessContributorSubmitted by a field practitioner and reviewed by PTS before publication.
The Origins of Stop the Bleed: From Sandy Hook to a National Movement

In December 2012, twenty children and six staff members were killed at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newt...

50 Days to Kickoff: What FIFA World Cup 2026 Means for Philadelphia
Community PreparednessContributorSubmitted by a field practitioner and reviewed by PTS before publication.
50 Days to Kickoff: What FIFA World Cup 2026 Means for Philadelphia

The countdown Fifty days from today, the largest sporting event ever staged in this region will begin. FIFA...

27 Years After Columbine: How We Learned to Stop the Dying
Community PreparednessPTS StaffWritten by a Penn Tactical Solutions instructor with active field experience.
27 Years After Columbine: How We Learned to Stop the Dying

Twenty-seven years after Columbine, the way we respond to active threats and the bleeding that follows has ...

The Bar Is Open. The Plan Is Not.
Community PreparednessPTS StaffWritten by a Penn Tactical Solutions instructor with active field experience.
The Bar Is Open. The Plan Is Not.

Last night I went out with friends. The guy at the door checked IDs. That was it. No AED, no first aid kit,...

More Field Guides
Patrol Medical Programs Are No Longer Optional
Patrol Medical Programs Are No Longer Optional

Police officers are often the first to arrive at critical incidents, where the first few minutes can determine survival. Patrol medical programs equip officers with th...

Craig Hall
ContributorSubmitted by a field practitioner and reviewed by PTS before publication.Law EnforcementMar 10, 2026 Read →
The First Minutes Matter: Strengthening Emergency Response in Schools
The First Minutes Matter: Strengthening Emergency Response in Schools

When a serious injury occurs at school, the first few minutes often determine the outcome. This guide explains how schools can strengthen emergency preparedness throug...

Craig Hall
ContributorSubmitted by a field practitioner and reviewed by PTS before publication.Mar 10, 2026 Read →
The First 3 Minutes: What Actually Saves Lives
The First 3 Minutes: What Actually Saves Lives

The first few minutes after a serious injury often determine survival. Learn the simple actions that save lives before EMS arrives and why bystanders are the true firs...

Craig Hall
ContributorSubmitted by a field practitioner and reviewed by PTS before publication.Community PreparednessMar 06, 2026 Read →
Crowd Crush Is Not Panic. It Is Physics.
Crowd Crush Is Not Panic. It Is Physics.

In 2026, massive crowds will fill stadiums, fan zones, transit hubs, and festival grounds across the country. Most people will never think about crowd safety until it ...

Craig Hall
ContributorSubmitted by a field practitioner and reviewed by PTS before publication.Feb 10, 2026 Read →
Trauma Kits vs IFAKs: What You Should Carry and Why
Trauma Kits vs IFAKs: What You Should Carry and Why

Understanding the difference between an IFAK and a trauma kit comes down to purpose, access, and training. This guide breaks down what to carry, how to prioritize gear...

Craig Hall
ContributorSubmitted by a field practitioner and reviewed by PTS before publication.Equipment and GearDec 12, 2025 Read →
Body Armor in EMS: From Conversation to Consideration
Body Armor in EMS: From Conversation to Consideration

When an EMS crew responds to what appears to be a routine call, the expectation is to treat illness, injury, or overdose. Increasingly, providers are also encountering...

Craig Hall
PTS StaffWritten by a Penn Tactical Solutions instructor with active field experience.Equipment and GearNov 14, 2025 Read →
Code 3 Shows What EMS Really Is. It Also Shows What’s Broken.
Code 3 Shows What EMS Really Is. It Also Shows What’s Broken.

Most people think of EMS as the ambulance that shows up when something goes wrong. What they don’t see is everything behind it: long shifts, provider burnout, funding ...

Craig Hall
ContributorSubmitted by a field practitioner and reviewed by PTS before publication.Prehospital CareSep 30, 2025 Read →
Why Chest Seals Matter: The Missing Piece in Civilian Trauma Care
Why Chest Seals Matter: The Missing Piece in Civilian Trauma Care

“Many victims in mass shootings die from chest injuries, not limb wounds. A simple chest seal can keep air out of the chest cavity and give victims a fighting chance u...

Craig Hall
PTS StaffWritten by a Penn Tactical Solutions instructor with active field experience.Sep 25, 2025 Read →
From Guesswork to Certainty: Is Colorimetric Capnography the Next Standard for Needle Decompression?
From Guesswork to Certainty: Is Colorimetric Capnography the Next Standard for Needle Decompression?

Needle decompression saves lives, but confirmation of success has long relied on subjective signs. Colorimetric capnography offers an objective, rapid way to confirm p...

Craig Hall
PTS StaffWritten by a Penn Tactical Solutions instructor with active field experience.May 13, 2025 Read →
Editorial note: PTS Staff articles are written by Penn Tactical Solutions instructors with active operational experience. Contributor articles are submitted by field practitioners and reviewed by PTS prior to publication. All content reflects the author's experience and perspective.